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Proposal of project based education on the topic of air-conditioning function of vegetation in the landscape
ŽEJDL, Matěj
As part of this work, the role of the regional vegetation in the water cycle was designed in the project of education. The project was made in a try of the praxis. A part of the education is measuring air temperature and the relative air humidity in the different habitats. Due to this measuring primary school students can see differences between habitats and they can think about the meaning of the project education in the role of the differences in the vegetation and in which way flora is influencing the water. The work is focused on the research of the meteorological and biological conditions suitable for education project management. Work also briefly sums the role of respondents in the Biology lessons and their knowledge of the examined topics made during the lectures. The finding of the primary school student's knowledge was done with the use of questionnaire.
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Modeling hydrological response of the catchment to various precipitation events
ŠVANDA, Dominik
This thesis deals with the simulation of the hydrological response of a river basin to various precipitation events. The hydrological response was simulated in the Olešenský brook basin. The outflow of water from the landscape is influenced by many different factors at the same time. Among the most important factors are, for example, the slope of the terrain, land use, saturation of the soil profile withwater, anthropogenic influences, vegetation cover and last but not least the geological and soil conditions, the shape and area of the river basin, climatic conditions etc. explained and described in detail. Several methods are used to calculate the water runoff from the landscape, in which case the CN curve method was used to calculate the direct runoff from the landscape. By using the BPEJ map, land use and maximum daily precipitation totals with a probability of repeating N years (2, 10, 20, 50 and 100 years) obtained from the rainfall station Týn nad Vltavou, calculations were performed first in a numerical (vector) way and then the maps of direct water runoff from the catchment area were created in a raster way performed in ArcMap software. In the next step, various scenarios were simulated that influenced the outflow of water from the catchment. The first scenario was a change in soil saturation with water, resp. water content in the soil (dry, medium and wet). It has been found that the outflow of water from the basin and the peak flow were both fundamentally changed. Second scenario was grassing of all arable land in the basin, where the actual state compared to the theoretical state. This change reduced the CN curve values, what in turn reduced the direct water runoff from the landscape. Third and the last scenario was the concept of 20 metres wide infiltration strips along roads, watercourses and water areas. The proposed measure reduced the runoff coefficient values by about 1 % compared to the runoff coefficients at the actual state. In this case, there was no fundamental change as the strips occupy only a small part of the total area. However, infiltration strips still have a positive effect on rainfall-runoff events in the landscape.
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Hypodermic and drainage runoff
Hubinger, Lukáš ; Datel, Josef (advisor) ; Vaněk, Jiří (referee)
The BSc thesis deals with hypodermic and drainage runoff, possibilities of its determination, with its place in the hydrologic cycle and impacts of anthropogenic activities. There are types of runoff, possibilities of its description one by one in the thesis. The thesis also includes information about agricultural drainage, its influence to the landscape as whole, types of drainage, about advantages and disadvantages of drainage systems and about actual situation of drainage systems in the Czech Republic. There are description in detail pluses and negatives drainage runoff in the thesis, there are description possibilities of its modernization, about actual situation of drainage systems and it is influence to the landscape.
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Event-based rainfall-runoff modelling of the selected river basin
TICHÁČEK, Pavel
This thesis deals with the event-based rainfall-runoff modelling of the selected river basin. This thesis is based on my previous work "Factors affecting the water discharge from the river basin during rainfall-runoff events". In that work I described factors, which have effect on water runoff from the river basin. This thesis was solved on basin of Jílecký stream. Water runoff from basin is affected with a number of factors, the most significant are slope of the terrain, soil saturation, geological and pedological conditions, vegetation cover and anthropogenic influence. Calculations of direct runoff were realised with method of CN curves, with using BPEJ map, land use map gained from Corine Land Cover 2006 and maximum daily precipitation sums with 2, 10, 20, 50 and 100 years probabilities recurrence obtained from the rainfall station Netřebice. Calculations were performed in a numerical method using vector data and a raster method performed in ArcMap. In the next step I performed simulations of various scenarios of change in river basic characteristics such as soil saturation change, grassing of arable land with a slope greater than 12°, grassing of all arable land and enlargement the built-up area in the river basin.
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Hypodermic and drainage runoff
Hubinger, Lukáš ; Datel, Josef (advisor) ; Vaněk, Jiří (referee)
The BSc thesis deals with hypodermic and drainage runoff, possibilities of its determination, with its place in the hydrologic cycle and impacts of anthropogenic activities. There are types of runoff, possibilities of its description one by one in the thesis. The thesis also includes information about agricultural drainage, its influence to the landscape as whole, types of drainage, about advantages and disadvantages of drainage systems and about actual situation of drainage systems in the Czech Republic. There are description in detail pluses and negatives drainage runoff in the thesis, there are description possibilities of its modernization, about actual situation of drainage systems and it is influence to the landscape.
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Analysis of factors affecting the direct runoff
VLASÁK, Ivo
This diploma thesis deals with the analysis of the factors which influence the direct drainage from the drainage area. The thesis specifically deals with the drainage area of the Kopaninský brook. Drainage is always influenced by several factors at the same time. These factors are above all climate, anthropogenic impact, underdrainage, shape and extent of a drainage area, land use, geologic structure, location and altitude of a drainage area. The direct drainage can be separated by different methods (modificated semi-graphical method, GROUND method, method of hydrogram separation, method of digitals filtres) or CN- curves can be used for calculation. This thesis used the method of CN curves to process the results of a given drainage area. In the methodical part of the thesis I reached to the creation of direct drainage maps with the utilisation of the BPEJ maps together with the input data gained by the method of CN curves. These outputs were created at different values of design rains repetition time N= 2, 10, 50 and 100 years. The volume of a direct drainage was calculated by a classic method and by a method using the ArcMap programme. Another part of the thesis was simulation of different area utilisation situations (real condition versus grassing of ploughland) and saturation of drainage area, or more precisely water content in soil (dry soil, middle dry soil, wet soil).
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Factors affecting the water discharge from the river basin during rainfall-runoff events
TICHÁČEK, Pavel
This thesis focuses on the factors affecting runoff water from the basin during the rainfall-runoff events. Work begins by describing the circulation of water in nature and continues with hydrological balance. Next chapter is the formation of precipitation and water runoff, in which the water outflow is divided into surface and subsurface. In the work is characterized runoff process and there are described factors that affect water runoff from the watershed. The last part describes the possibility of using these factors for creating erosion and flood control.
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Presence of water reservoirs (fishponds) in the basin and their impact on water runoff volume and peak flows during rainfall-runoff events
MUCHNA, Radek
This bachelour thesis is focused on an affect of ponds during rainfall-runoff events. Distribution of the water is desribed and how it affects a landscape. It is also defined what hydrological cycle is, its division and description. The thesis also evaluates precipitation, more specifically it is focused on extreme rainfall, which causes floods. In the thesis is mentioned a history of formation of ponds for better understanding of this topic and its context. This part deals with basic features and function of ponds, where to properly place them and their technical specification. The second part of the thesis begins with description of retention (a retention space) and accumulation (an accumulation space) and continues with recommondations for elevating the retention space in ponds. Then the thesis is focused on factors that more or less affect water runoff from a watershed. The main part of the thesis deals with the impact of water tanks on the size and shape of the hydrograph in rainfall-runoff events and it vividly demonstrates the affects of the ponds whether positive or negative on various floods in history of the Czech Republic.
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Factors affecting the total outoff from the watershed and its individual components
MORAVCOVÁ, Lenka
This thesis is focused on the topic of total outflow from the watershed. In the first part water is divided into surface water, subsurface and groundwater, there is also described water circulation, hydrological balance, water retention and water accumulation, as well as characteristics of hydrographic network in the country. There are listed and explained outflow folders and measures to reduce surface runoff. In the second part of this work methods of separating the individual components of outflow, such as CN-method, Kliner and Kněžek method, model SMODERP, HYDROG model, GROUND and MGPM methods are described. In the conclusion it is explained that outflow from the watershed generates not only because of rainfall, but also due to geological, pedological, anthropogenic and other factors.
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Influence of rainfall drainage events on the concentration of nutrients in the waters
STEJSKALOVÁ, Patricie
The aim of this bachelor thesis is to approach the issue of nutrients concentration changes in water during rainfall drainage events. The most problematical nutrients are set within the frame of this thesis, these are nitrogen and phosphorus. The thesis further describes the hydrological cycle. Major interest is devoted to atmospherical rainfalls. The thesis defines the origin of rainfall drainage events and also describes the factors, which influence the changes of nutrients concentrations during rainfall drainage events. Another part of the thesis is formed by the chapters describing the cycle of above mentioned nutrients and their forms of occurence in water. The last part of the thesis is devoted to nutrients concentration and its changes during rainfall drainage events.
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